Gaussian processes and effective field theory of $f(T)$ gravity under the $H_0$ tension

Xin Ren, Sheng-Feng Yan, Yaqi Zhao, Yi-Fu Cai, Emmanuel N. Saridakis

Published 2022-03-03Version 1

We consider the effective field theory formulation of torsional gravity in a cosmological framework to alter the background evolution. Then we use the latest $H_0$ measurement from the SH0ES Team as well as observational Hubble data from cosmic chronometer (CC) and radial baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and we reconstruct the $f(T)$ form in a model-independent way by applying Gaussian processes. Since the special square-root term does not affect the evolution at the background level, we finally result to a family of functions that can produce the background evolution required by the data. Finally, performing a fitting using polynomial functions we find an analytic expression that may describe the cosmological evolution in reat agreement with observations.