Time-symmetry and topology of the Aharonov-Bohm effect

Yakir Aharonov, Ismael L. Paiva, Zohar Schwartzman-Nowik, Avshalom C. Elitzur, Eliahu Cohen

Published 2023-03-01Version 1

The Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect has been highly influential in fundamental and applied physics. Its topological nature commonly implies that an electron encircling a magnetic flux source in a field-free region must close the loop in order to generate an observable effect. In this Letter, we study a variant of the AB effect that apparently challenges this concept. The significance of weak values and nonlocal equations of motion is discussed as part of the analysis, shedding light on and connecting all these fundamental concepts.