Entropy production of active particles in underdamped regime

Derek Frydel

Published 2022-11-03Version 1

The present work investigates the effect of inertia on the entropy production rate $\Pi$ for all canonical models of active particles, for different dimensions and the type of confinement. To calculate $\Pi$, the link between the entropy production and dissipation of heat rate is explored. By analyzing the Kramers equation in a stationary state, alternative formulations of $\Pi$ are obtained and the virial theorem for active particles is derived. Exact results are obtained for particles in an unconfined environment and in a harmonic trap. In both cases, $\Pi$ is independent of temperature. In contrast, for active particles in 1D box, thermal fluctuations are found to reduce $\Pi$.