C. Itoi, M. Amano
Published 2019-12-05Version 1
A recently proposed quantum mechanical criterion `concavity of energy' for the second law of thermodynamics is studied also for classical particle systems confined in a bounded region by a potential with a time-dependent coupling constant. It is shown that the time average of work done by particles in a quench process cannot exceed that in the corresponding quasi-static process, if the energy is a concave function of the coupling constant. It is proven that the energy is indeed concave for a general confining potential with certain properties. This result implies that the system satisfies the principle of maximum work in the adiabatic environment as an expression of the second law of thermodynamics.
Comments: 6 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1911.01693
On the relation between the second law of thermodynamics and classical and quantum mechanics
Zeroth and Second Laws of Thermodynamics Simultaneously Questioned in the Quantum Microworld
Thermodynamics within the Framework of Classical Mechanics
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