{
  "id": "2401.04194",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2024-01-08T19:16:35.000Z",
  "updated": "2024-01-08T19:16:35.000Z",
  "title": "On interpretation of fluctuations of conserved charges at high T",
  "authors": [
    "T. D. Cohen",
    "L. Ya. Glozman"
  ],
  "comment": "9 pages",
  "categories": [
    "hep-ph",
    "hep-lat",
    "nucl-ex",
    "nucl-th"
  ],
  "abstract": "Fluctuations of conserved charges calculated on the lattice which can be measured experimentally, are well reproduced by a hadron resonanse gas model at temperatures below T_{ch} ~ 155 MeV and radically deviate from the hadron resonance gas predictions above the chiral restoration crossover. This behavior is typically interpreted as an indication of deconfinement in the quark-gluon plasma regime. We present an argument that this interpretation may be too simple. The argument is based on the scaling of quantities with the number of colors: demonstration of deconfinement and QGP requires observable that is sensitive to N_c^2 gluons while the conserved charges are sensitive only to quarks and above T_{ch} scale as N_c^1. The latter scaling is consistent with the existence of an intermediate regime characterized by restored chiral symmetry and by approximate chiral spin symmetry which is a symmetry of confining interaction. In this regime the energy density, pressure and entropy density scale as N_c^1. In the large N_c limit this regime might become a distinct phase separated from the hadron gas and from QGP by phase transitions. A natural observable that associates with deconfinement and is directly sensitive to deconfined N_c^2-1 gluons is the Polyakov loop; in the N_c=3 world it remains very close to 0 at temperatures well above chiral crossover, reaches the value 0.5 around 3T_{ch} and the value close to 1 at temperatures ~1 GeV.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2024-01-08T19:16:35.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "conserved charges",
      "interpretation",
      "fluctuations",
      "hadron resonanse gas model",
      "approximate chiral spin symmetry"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 9,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}