{
  "id": "1901.00248",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2019-01-02T03:10:24.000Z",
  "updated": "2019-01-02T03:10:24.000Z",
  "title": "A Survey on Multi-output Learning",
  "authors": [
    "Donna Xu",
    "Yaxin Shi",
    "Ivor W. Tsang",
    "Yew-Soon Ong",
    "Chen Gong",
    "Xiaobo Shen"
  ],
  "categories": [
    "cs.LG",
    "cs.CV",
    "cs.GL",
    "stat.ML"
  ],
  "abstract": "Multi-output learning aims to simultaneously predict multiple outputs given an input. It is an important learning problem due to the pressing need for sophisticated decision making in real-world applications. Inspired by big data, the 4Vs characteristics of multi-output imposes a set of challenges to multi-output learning, in terms of the volume, velocity, variety and veracity of the outputs. Increasing number of works in the literature have been devoted to the study of multi-output learning and the development of novel approaches for addressing the challenges encountered. However, it lacks a comprehensive overview on different types of challenges of multi-output learning brought by the characteristics of the multiple outputs and the techniques proposed to overcome the challenges. This paper thus attempts to fill in this gap to provide a comprehensive review on this area. We first introduce different stages of the life cycle of the output labels. Then we present the paradigm on multi-output learning, including its myriads of output structures, definitions of its different sub-problems, model evaluation metrics and popular data repositories used in the study. Subsequently, we review a number of state-of-the-art multi-output learning methods, which are categorized based on the challenges.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2019-01-02T03:10:24.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "challenges",
      "simultaneously predict multiple outputs",
      "model evaluation metrics",
      "popular data repositories",
      "state-of-the-art multi-output learning methods"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 0,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable"
    }
  }
}