{
  "id": "1604.02786",
  "version": "v1",
  "published": "2016-04-11T04:09:09.000Z",
  "updated": "2016-04-11T04:09:09.000Z",
  "title": "Ferro-deformation and shape coexistence over the nuclear chart: 28 < protons (Z) < 50 and 40 < neutrons (N) < 70",
  "authors": [
    "Chang-Bum Moon"
  ],
  "comment": "Keywords: national nuclear data center (NNDC), nuclear shell closure, pseudo-shell, shape phase transition, ferro-deformation, shape coexistence, isospin dependent spin-orbital interaction. Nuclides: Ni, Zn, Ge, Se, Kr, Sr, Zr, Mo, Ru, Pd, Cd, Sn. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1604.01017",
  "categories": [
    "nucl-th",
    "nucl-ex"
  ],
  "abstract": "With the experimental data at the national nuclear data center, NNDC, we investigate systematically the emerging nuclear structure properties in the first 2+ excited energies, E(2+) and their energy ratios to the first 4+ levels, R = E(4+)/E(2+) in the nuclei over 28 < Z < 50 for protons, and 40 < N < 70 for neutrons. By introducing the pseudo-shell configurations built on the combined subshells, we explain the following phenomena; a semi-double shell closure, a shape phase transition, and a reinforced deformation. The reinforced deformation arises suddenly at Z = 40 (or 38), N = 60 and approaches a maximum value, R = 3.3, as being centered at Z = 40, N = 64. We define this reinforced deformation 'a ferro-deformation', as in the previous study [arXiv:1604.01017]. The shape coexistence would be expected to be, as forming a ferro-deformation, with a strong rotational mode, and a near spherical shape, with a vibrational mode, in the transitional region at N = 58, 60, and 62 for the nuclei, with Z = 38 and 40; 96Sr, 98Sr, 100Sr, and 98Zr, 100Zr, and 102Zr. We suggest that the ferro-deformation should be closely associated with a strong spin-orbital interaction between neutrons in the g7/2 orbital and protons in the g9/2 orbital. Such an isospin dependent spin-orbital interaction, with the same angular momentum, l = 4, reinforces nuclear surface toward a sudden and dramatic deformation, giving rise to the ferro-deformation at the critical point, Z = 40, N = 64. We discuss the similarities and differences of the ferro-deformation between the two critical points; Z = 40, N = 64 and Z = 64, N = 104.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v1",
      "updated": "2016-04-11T04:09:09.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "shape coexistence",
      "ferro-deformation",
      "nuclear chart",
      "reinforced deformation",
      "isospin dependent spin-orbital interaction"
    ],
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 0,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable",
      "adsabs": "2016arXiv160402786M"
    }
  }
}