{
  "id": "1212.0953",
  "version": "v3",
  "published": "2012-12-05T07:45:28.000Z",
  "updated": "2014-11-19T00:33:04.000Z",
  "title": "Origin of probabilities and their application to the multiverse",
  "authors": [
    "Andreas Albrecht",
    "Daniel Phillips"
  ],
  "comment": "7 pages including one table. V3: Final version accepted for publication in PRD. Small changes throughout to improve clarity. Section V is expanded and improved. No change to the conclusions or technical points",
  "categories": [
    "gr-qc",
    "astro-ph.CO",
    "hep-th",
    "quant-ph"
  ],
  "abstract": "We argue using simple models that all successful practical uses of probabilities originate in quantum fluctuations in the microscopic physical world around us, often propagated to macroscopic scales. Thus we claim there is no physically verified fully classical theory of probability. We comment on the general implications of this view, and specifically question the application of classical probability theory to cosmology in cases where key questions are known to have no quantum answer. We argue that the ideas developed here may offer a way out of the notorious measure problems of eternal inflation.",
  "revisions": [
    {
      "version": "v2",
      "updated": "2014-02-12T16:45:39.000Z",
      "comment": "6 Pages including one table. Material in sections I-V is unchanged from V1, except to improve clarity of presentation (especially regarding the difference between probabilities that describe physical randomness and probabilities that describe our beliefs). Section VI contains new work showing how our approach to probabilities may lead to a resolution of cosmological measure problems",
      "journal": null,
      "doi": null
    },
    {
      "version": "v3",
      "updated": "2014-11-19T00:33:04.000Z"
    }
  ],
  "analyses": {
    "keywords": [
      "application",
      "verified fully classical theory",
      "multiverse",
      "eternal inflation",
      "microscopic physical world"
    ],
    "tags": [
      "journal article"
    ],
    "publication": {
      "doi": "10.1103/PhysRevD.90.123514"
    },
    "note": {
      "typesetting": "TeX",
      "pages": 7,
      "language": "en",
      "license": "arXiv",
      "status": "editable",
      "inspire": 1205604,
      "adsabs": "2012arXiv1212.0953A"
    }
  }
}